Wednesday, 2 October 2013

Tyndall AM's Head of Fixed Income, Roger Bridges on the US Government Shutdown


US federal agencies have begun to close as part of the partial US government shutdown. The deadline of midnight on 30 September, when the 2013 fiscal year ended, passed without Republicans and Democrats bridging their differences over the budget.  Conservatives in the Republican Party refused to pass a short-term budget unless it included a delay to President Obama's Affordable Health Act (commonly called 'Obamacare'). This repeated insistence on tying an extension of the budget to delays in Obamacare was rejected by Democrats in the Senate. As a result, government ground to a halt, with non-essential services being shut down to ensure essential services can be funded. About 800,000 federal employees are being placed on unpaid leave until a resolution to the impasse can be found.

Risk markets rallied overnight as investors were buoyed by expectations that the shutdown will only be temporary, as well as a better-than-expected Institute for Supply Management (ISM) survey result on the state of US manufacturing. In addition, equity markets were supported by the fact that the US Federal Reserve delayed tapering its quantitative easing (QE) programme in September and due to expectations that the current debacle in Washington may further delay tapering.

Is the market right and we will see no damage to equity markets and to the state of the US economy?  The answer very much depends on how long the shutdown will go on for and to what degree it damages confidence in a stage when the US economic recovery is gaining some traction. 

Most market commentators are viewing the shutdown as temporary, believing the Republicans in the House of Representatives will back down and pass a 'clean' Bill which the Democratic-controlled Senate will pass.  A clean Bill is one which is unencumbered by any clause which delays or adjusts 'Obamacare'.  However, the Republicans despise this health care law, particularly the extreme right-wing Tea Party which is a powerful faction. 

The Republicans did blink at the end of 2012 when the deadline was approaching for the 'fiscal cliff' - a set of spending programs and tax cuts expiring at year-end.  Despite a stand-off between the Obama Administration and the House of Representatives, the matter was resolved as both sides saw that their constituencies would lose out and that it would likely send the still-recovering economy back into recession if triggered all at once. However, that doesn't necessarily mean that they will resolve it easily this time. Districts voting for Congressmen in the House of Representatives don't necessarily reflect a diverse population, which is why the House often seems to be more extremist than the Senate. Clearly, Congressmen represent their constituents and vote reflecting their concerns so a government shutdown won't necessarily force the extremists to roll over.  

The other factor to consider, and actually more concerning for markets, is the upcoming 17 October deadline for Congress to lift the debt ceiling. If there is no agreement on lifting the ceiling, it would trigger a technical default on US debt and could engender a global crisis. However, in our view, the House is unlikely to use the debt ceiling as a tool to hurt the Obama Administration as it could severely impact the creditworthiness of the US. 

It goes without saying that equity markets' performance will depend on how the politics play out, but it may take a bit longer than the market thinks.  If the shutdown is longer than a few days, the US Federal Reserve will further delay tapering and this should be supportive for the bond market.  We could see US 10-year Treasury yields hit 2.50%, down from 3.00% just a month ago (they are currently sitting at around 2.66%). 

This political uncertainty in the US and the fact the Federal Reserve's tapering of QE could be delayed is likely to be marginally positive for the Australian dollar. This should be supportive for Australian rates despite the unwinding of the Reserve Bank of Australia's (RBA's) easing bias. A stronger dollar will put a greater strain on the RBA and means that further rate cuts cannot be ruled out, although this is not our base case. In our view, we have likely reached the end of this easing cycle and expect rates to remain at 2.50% for some time.

Indices:

The Australian All Ordinaries Index has moved down decreasing by -1.4% since closing last Friday to end of trade Wednesday.
                                                                                                             
The rest of the world as measured by the MSCI index decreased -1.2% in A$ from closing last Friday to end of trade Wednesday.

Have a great weekend,

The Team at IPS

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